WEBVTT

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My name is Terry Shepherd and 

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I will be your guide
 into the world of closed quarter battle.

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I'm a current U.S. 

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Army Green Beret, and I have fought
 in two armed conflicts in the Middle East.

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The term close quarter
 battle is used to describe scenarios

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that police and military face
 in both urban and rural environments.

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Although the origin of close quarters, 

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battle goes back to sword
 fighting and hand-to-hand combat,

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today's used primarily
 to describe the techniques of small teams

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are confronting the enemy
 inside a building or within a compound.

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Stairwells, hallways and rooms always pose
 dangerous and unknown variables.

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From basic muzzle awareness, weapons
 transitions to silent team communication,

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all police and military units
 need to be expert in the techniques

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of close quarters. Battle.

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Today we're looking
 at how scout sniper teams

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and sharpshooters
 help in close quarters battle.

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We'll take a look at some of the theory
 and science behind using a sniper.

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We're also going to have a look
 at the Sig Sauer

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3000 and its normal
 and suppressed version.

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We're going to take you inside
 the head of a sniper shooter

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as he prepares to take down a target
 at the Afghan border.

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Finally, we will get you acquainted
 with the devices that snipers use

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to bring themselves
 to a whole new level of accuracy.

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The sharpshooter has been 

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an essential part of armed conflicts
 since the creation of gunpowder.

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But contemporary sniping
 is a very different discipline.

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Any special or police force needs
 to be assisted by scout sniper teams.

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These unique teams are chosen
 based on a combination of personality

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traits and skills.

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After the Second World War, 

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forensic studies of battlefields
 using meticulous cataloging

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of shell casings,
 soldier remains and diaries

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revealed interesting facts
 about actual battlefield behavior.

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One thing that became clear 

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is that only a certain percentage
 of soldiers actually fired on the enemy.

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The remaining percent either broke down
 psychologically, helped the wounded,

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or supported other soldiers
 with ammunition or supplies.

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With this knowledge, militaries began

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a careful selection
 and training of their best sharpshooters

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to take advantage of them
 in modern warfare.

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We will. In areas like the border
 between Afghanistan and Pakistan,

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special forces from a variety of countries
 are active in hunt and kill operations

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that require expert snipers. 

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Often a sniper team will approach an area
 from many kilometers away

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to gain their own intelligence
 about the route that a future team

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might take and to avoid detection.

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This process involves
 the use of camouflage

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and long hours of extremely patient
 movement over varying terrain.

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Once they've arrived at the target area, 

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the team gets and maintains
 eyes on the objective

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and sets up their hide site,
 always being aware of their escape route.

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Long periods of observation follow 

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where the team will coordinate
 with the home base and give minute

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by minute human intel
 on the movements of the target. Also.

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So why were the Czech Republic
 if it were not training

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compound or not, is the Czech Republic's
 national police force.

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This is a rapid response
 anti-terrorist unit that's also equipped

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to deal with a whole host of missions,
 not the least of which involves

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using long range sniper fire to fit in
 with whatever mission profile they have.

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A lot of myth goes around snipers
 where you think they deploy alone.

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Not true. Almost always. 

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They operate in a two man team 

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and I happen to have here
 luckily two of the very best guys.

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What's up, fellas?

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They'll be dead like Smash. 

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And we're good. Talk
 about some of the guns they use in support

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of their missions. 

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You've got the 6 hours, 3000

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with loopholes, potential to power,
 lots of crud lots of got scope

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when just really ammunition very good

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is a good weapon
 or what do you think this is good.

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I hope this is all good
 or this is an older

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it is an older platform, you know,
 and we use this gun for nitrogen.

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Okay. Yep. For sure thing. 

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When is low light? 

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Low light? Yup. So you give out that
 on top of this to these weapon systems,

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they have straight lines
 and that's not a natural thing out there.

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So you want to go ahead
 and cover it, break up 

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the outlines like camouflage in your face.
 It's kind of an important thing to do.

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You can also use natural foliage
 and all sorts of stuff to really

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make this thing disappear.

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Yeah, very. Okay.

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But you're right. Yeah.

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Sam. Yeah. Nice. 

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I can kind of tell where he's 

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you know I mean I can sort of
 see do set to sentiment left wing.

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Okay good day for you Amy here. Okay.

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Yeah. Good shot, man. 

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Okay. I think some plays look like mine.

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Before I went right to tape,
 I went right through his.

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Yes, they say they do. Right.

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So they did. Yeah. Bad.

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That makes me. That's all right. Tell her. 

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Yeah, that's right on point that. 

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So I see. So I'm saying,

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you know, four in one place

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that's that was literally
 honestly you can't even tell.

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I got really lucky. 

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These guys are good.
 I just got lucky. We were.

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If you go look at that target,
 it looks like basically one bullet

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in the area of Sig Sauer, 3000.

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Rock and roll, man.
 Thanks, guys. It was awesome.

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Now we've got some things 

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that really take it to a different level.

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We've got some advanced optics
 and some other devices

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that really make the weapons
 that much more effective.

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Being a sniper to be a good sniper,
 your whole job is basically

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to eliminate any variable
 that can affect a bullet from the minute

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it leaves the gun to emit,
 it hits the target.

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Obviously, the first one is gravity. 

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The minute a bullet leaves a barrel.
 Gravity starts working on it.

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A lot of other things too,
 like atmospherics, barometric pressure,

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temperature, humidity, 

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all that stuff for a really long range
 shot makes it different. So guys

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must be tardy, as I say. 

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And we have this is my resume.

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So this is the night vision scope. What's
 the model? What is it called? Leeco.

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And it's got batteries in it. 

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What I'm looking at here
 is not a mounted device.

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This is something you can see
 the eyepieces and you hold it up.

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It's good for sort of good
 for observing a whole

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objective exactly what we got here to see.

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So thermal thermal. 

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So obviously we're able to see heat. 

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This is a heat signature thing. 

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Human beings, vehicles, machines
 give off a heat signature.

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Sometimes this is all
 you have to pick it up. 

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So yeah, to be decent, this is little.

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That was for all his movies. 

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Yeah. You can pull this in your pocket. 

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A lot of times there's always a question

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with equipment, with effectiveness
 and portability.

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Sometimes if it's really great 

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but it's heavy, then do these guys
 any good as Dominican?

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So this is small.
 It gets the job done. Okay. The pre doc

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laser rangefinder is old school
 one older older model.

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What this does. Yeah is, is
 you look downrange,

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you find the target through here
 and then you press a button

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basically and it shoots a laser beam out
 and it comes back.

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And you know how far you have to go? 

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No. As this is this is before shooting.

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This gives you an exact distance,
 which from there

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you can start plotting
 all the rest of your stuff. 

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Jacqui, thank you. 

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Thanks, man. Awesome. 

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Coming up, we are looking at tactics
 of scouts and snipers.

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A sniper team needs to do everything
 possible to remain unseen

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and be ready for anything. 

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Close quartered battle is a term
 used to describe the training of combat

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in buildings, hallways and rooms,
 but also how to control the elements

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of a firefight in small
 rural areas like compounds.

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Today, we're looking at scout sniper
 teams, how they train and operate,

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and what weapons and technologies
 they use in order to help control a close

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quarter battle scenario.

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A lot of people,
 when they hear the word sniper, 

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they automatically think of that
 whole one shot, one kill idea.

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And that makes sense. 

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Hollywood's portrayed
 the sniper as a very glamorous job.

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What we do, the most of us, snipers,
 is reconnaissance.

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There's different kinds of reconnaissance. 

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It may be something 

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as mundane as finding a route
 to bring in an assault force.

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It could be watching an enemy camp
 looking for P.O.W.s.

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Or we could try to find and locate
 a high value target

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in order to potentially take a kill shot.

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Either way, whatever
 kind of combination of sniper

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reconnaissance mission you have, one thing
 always rings true.

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You better not get caught. 

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Now, obviously, I'm not 

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dressed or kitted up in any way
 to do a sniper recon mission.

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But I want to talk to you
 and show you what it means

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to get eyes on the objective
 and to keep the enemy's eyes off of you.

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Like I was saying, 

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sniper reconnaissance work is really
 just a lot of preparation.

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And before I came to an area 

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like this, I would have done a really,
 really good map record.

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Also use satellite imagery, anything. 

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I have to get an idea of what
 I would be dealing with on the ground.

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Snipers also do not work alone.

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That's a myth at a minimum. 

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We work in a buddy team of two. 

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Oftentimes it may be for a record team,
 four or six guys.

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There's a reason for that. 

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When you're out here in the elements
 like today's a really, really nice day.

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But oftentimes we're out. 

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It's crappy weather, it's raining,
 it's snowing, it's freezing.

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And that would just
 physically beat you down. 

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So a group of you can get through
 that mission a lot

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better and a lot more effectively, 

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as well as provide
 360 degrees security. Very important.

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Now I know from doing
 my map reconnaissance.

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I know my objective
 is down in this valley.

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And this high ground looks down on it. 

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So my first point is to go ahead
 and find what we're looking for.

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There's a lesson
 I learned in sniper school 

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in any of my reconnaissance training,
 which is kind of a hard one to by me.

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I'm not by nature a very patient guy.

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But you learn very quickly that if you're
 not patient, you get caught.

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And like I said,
 if you get caught, you can die.

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So now I'm going to avoid
 being backlit by the sun.

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And come up as slowly
 as I can to this bird.

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As we get on top of the objective,
 slow, deliberate movement is key.

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When I was stalking,
 learning how to stalk in sniper school,

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the only times I ever got caught
 and what I moved too quickly.

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So I got drilled into my head very fast. 

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Sniper scopes are great. 

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They're really powerful, but they're very
 limited in their field of view.

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So what I would want to do first
 is take out a pair of binoculars to get

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a really wide field of view of the valley,
 locate what I'm looking for.

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Then I can zoom in on either with this
 or a really strong spotting scope.

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So I'll be looking with my binoculars. 

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And there's different techniques 

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and tactics, a way to scan
 and make sure you find the whole area.

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I'm seeing roads, I see vehicles. 

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Let's just say my objective is right
 over that way. When I'm ready,

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I can get my gun into operation. 

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And by now, also without me 

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even saying a word, the other guys
 on my team of pre-position themselves.

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I got someone watching
 my six by nine by 12.

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Now I come over the top
 very carefully, very slowly,

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get a comfortable body position. 

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And I find my target. 

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And this is where
 the waiting game can begin. 

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It's possible my team and
 I could be out here literally for days.

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There's a lot of things
 we need to think about 

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when we're in a sniper
 high position. Do we dig in?

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Do we bring construction
 to make itself a hide site?

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We have to go to the bathroom. 

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We have to eat, and 

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we still have to maintain security
 so that no one can come up and ambush us.

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So we could be out here 

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for days at a time. 

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Being a sniper recon
 trooper really isn't glamorous.

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It's a lot of hard work. It's a great job.

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Maybe one of the best jobs in the Army. 

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Some would say it is. 

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So let's just say 

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we've been here for several days
 and we've accomplished our mission.

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We've identified an objective. 

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We found a route to bring in our assault
 force, maybe even we've taken a kill

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shot, eliminated target. 

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We came here to get. 

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It's not enough to get in. 

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We've got to be good enough. 

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Smart enough to get out. 

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Coming up, we go inside
 the head of the sniper team

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as they approach, assess
 and take down a target.

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We'll take a look at the suppressed
 version of the Sig Sauer 3000.

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One close quarter battle is a term

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used to describe the training of combat
 in buildings, hallways and rooms.

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Although most QB is in tight quarters

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when preparing to assault a compound
 or take out a target assault.

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There's always benefit from a scout sniper
 team controlling the surrounding area

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while providing intelligence
 as the operation gets a green light

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. Let's go inside the head of this two man 

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scout sniper team
 as they approach a target.

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The use of elaborate camouflage
 suits can be important,

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but so is deciding how to approach
 a target and eliminating variables

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that could reveal the team's position. 

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The team spotter uses a special optic

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to get an overview
 of the entire scenario. And stay with.

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So I'm here at ORNA Training
 with the Czech National Police Force.

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And what do we have here? This is a rifle.

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Six over three is a silencer.

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So you've got a built in suppressor here. 

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Is is is this is caliber 308
 effective range,

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maybe 150 meters. Okay.

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Because this is lethal. 

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Because of that, because of the rounds
 we use cartridge subsonic. Subsonic.

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Now approach subsonic. 

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We use this Scottish
 because this is subsonic and subsonic

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is under sound under the speed of sound.

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And this right at subsonic actually
 has a punching power to the right.

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It's when it hits you. It actually is
 it doesn't go through you.

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It actually can knock you down. 

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00:19:19.880 --> 00:19:21.600
Right. Cool. Again, same kind of thing. 

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It's a bolt action rifle right here. 

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So you fire and every time you fire

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one of these, it's
 not going to cycle like a gas gun.

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00:19:28.880 --> 00:19:32.320
So you've got to,
 you know, not forget too soon as you fire

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00:19:32.320 --> 00:19:35.040
it, re chamber it,
 and then you've got another one in there.

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The rest, these are all bolt guns. But

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yeah, that's cool actually. 

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This is a little quick reference guide. 

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Snipers off to carry
 what's called like a dope book, a logbook

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where you get all sorts of data
 on different ranges, different rounds.

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And then you could just refer
 to that atmosphere conditions.

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We're using ballistic computers
 now another replaces just going out

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and taking a gun to different ranges
 and different conditions

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00:19:56.240 --> 00:19:57.920
and seeing how it performs. 

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00:19:57.920 --> 00:20:00.800
Gotcha, people. Now let's shoot them.

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00:20:13.280 --> 00:20:16.880
Perfect knee. It's 

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yesterday the approach the. 

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Very good. Okay. Okay.

295
00:20:30.520 --> 00:20:33.760
Okay. Who does this national look?

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00:20:58.000 --> 00:21:00.840
All right. Okay. Okay.

297
00:21:03.160 --> 00:21:07.560
Hey. Fuck. Yeah, very.

298
00:21:07.560 --> 00:21:10.760
I mean, I'd say so.

299
00:21:12.040 --> 00:21:13.120
Yeah, very little. 

300
00:21:13.120 --> 00:21:16.360
Like school needs,
 like nothing's good or needs.

301
00:21:16.360 --> 00:21:19.240
Yeah. Almost like no kick at all. Like,
 I was a, you know, really.

302
00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.600
Uh, because the last thing I shot
 was a 300 win mag, which is a bit heavier.

303
00:21:25.360 --> 00:21:26.040
So that was easy. 

304
00:21:26.040 --> 00:21:27.480
Very easy. Easy. 

305
00:21:27.480 --> 00:21:31.200
Lady Lakey Yeah.
 So that's good. And it was quite

306
00:21:32.920 --> 00:21:35.560
low noise, so. All right, man. 

307
00:21:35.560 --> 00:21:39.760
Jacqui, let's take another
 look at a real world scout sniper scenario

308
00:21:39.960 --> 00:21:44.000
to get a better understanding of how
 they and Special Forces work in unison,

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00:21:44.000 --> 00:21:46.200
behind enemy lines, 

310
00:21:50.840 --> 00:21:54.080
the sniper and spotter
 proceed to their hide site, a covered

311
00:21:54.080 --> 00:21:57.120
and concealed position from which
 they will execute the kill shot.

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00:22:07.480 --> 00:22:10.920
The Supporting Delta team
 moves in to flank from a closer position

313
00:22:11.280 --> 00:22:13.800
so that simultaneous kill
 shots can be fired.

314
00:22:16.360 --> 00:22:19.440
The sniper focuses
 and kills the main target.

315
00:22:20.280 --> 00:22:23.160
Then the Delta supporting team
 takes their kill shots.

316
00:22:24.680 --> 00:22:28.000
Coming up, we look at the conclusion
 of our mission into the border

317
00:22:28.000 --> 00:22:31.080
area between Afghanistan
 and Pakistan and how U.S.

318
00:22:31.080 --> 00:22:34.480
special forces work
 with scout sniper teams in the field.

319
00:22:43.840 --> 00:22:47.920
CQ be or close quarter
 battle is a term used to describe conflict

320
00:22:47.920 --> 00:22:51.760
in urban areas and small compounds
 that involve movement inside

321
00:22:51.760 --> 00:22:56.040
and around buildings, hallways
 and small rooms with unknown variables.

322
00:23:03.600 --> 00:23:06.160
As we revisit our QB sniper scenario,

323
00:23:06.600 --> 00:23:09.160
we can now better understand
 how the different elements of

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00:23:09.160 --> 00:23:12.040
SI QB are being employed
 during a sniper mission.

325
00:23:14.360 --> 00:23:15.880
Surprise is the most important 

326
00:23:15.880 --> 00:23:18.800
secrecy rule that scouts and snipers
 have to maintain.

327
00:23:19.760 --> 00:23:23.000
They do this by remaining unseen
 through the use of camouflage

328
00:23:23.200 --> 00:23:25.920
terrain analysis
 and extremely careful movement.

329
00:23:27.320 --> 00:23:29.840
The spotter lies next to the sniper. 

330
00:23:29.840 --> 00:23:32.200
The support troops
 move undetected into position.

331
00:23:35.440 --> 00:23:36.760
The sniper gets into a position 

332
00:23:36.760 --> 00:23:40.320
that offers the best line of fire. 

333
00:23:57.680 --> 00:24:16.800
Also. With overwhelming violence
 of action, the main and secondary targets

334
00:24:16.800 --> 00:24:20.280
are eliminating speed and coordination
 between the fire teams.

335
00:24:20.560 --> 00:24:24.320
Ensure the highest level of surprise. 

336
00:24:24.640 --> 00:24:27.040
The shorter the time between
 the individual shots,

337
00:24:27.280 --> 00:24:30.400
the more targets will be eliminated. 

338
00:24:37.920 --> 00:24:39.520
Once the shots have been taken, 

339
00:24:39.520 --> 00:24:42.640
both teams have to pull back
 with tactical care and covering

340
00:24:42.640 --> 00:24:45.560
each other's positions,
 leaving little trace of their presence

341
00:24:45.640 --> 00:24:48.960
and little possibility of anyone
 to follow them on their escape route.

342
00:24:58.240 --> 00:24:59.560
In today's episode, 

343
00:24:59.560 --> 00:25:03.480
I fired both versions of the six
 hour 3000 sniper rifle.

344
00:25:04.280 --> 00:25:06.600
We also learned about how
 sniper teams operate

345
00:25:06.720 --> 00:25:10.320
and what kind of weapons and technologies
 they use to complete their missions.